ENV 100T Week 3 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam

In this graded assignment, you are assessed on the content covered in this week’s readings, activities, and assignments. To help you prepare, it is recommended that you first complete this week’s Learning Path and Self-Test learning activities prior to completing this exam.

Complete the Week 3 Exam covering this week’s assigned readings:

• Ch. 12: Mineral and Soil Resources
• Ch. 13: Land Resources
• Ch. 14: Agriculture and Food Resources

Note: Work submitted in WileyPLUS does not count toward attendance. Be sure to post at least two times each week in the online classroom to avoid being auto-dropped from the course.

Question 1

Which of the following statements about nutrient cycling is TRUE?

Bacteria and fungi are involved in nutrient cycling as they decompose detritus transforming large organic molecules into small inorganic molecules, including carbon dioxide, water, and nutrient minerals like nitrates.

Nutrient cycling is the pathway of various nutrient minerals or elements from the environment through organisms and back to the environment.

Nonliving processes are also involved in nutrient cycling, such as the weathering of the parent material replaces some nutrient minerals lost through erosion.

All of the above statements are true about nutrient cycling.

Question 2

What is the MAIN requirement of reclaiming land degraded by any type of mining operation?

To restore them to the same type of ecosystem that existed before mining began on that site.

To stabilize the soil so that further degradation does not occur.

To create areas for housing subdivisions.

To comply with federal law.

Question 3

Which minerals would be used to make the following products?

A = zinc; B = gypsum

A = molybdenum; B = sulfur

A = mercury; B = potassium

A = nickel; B = magnesium

Question 4

Subduction occurs:

when one tectonic plate slides underneath another.

due to mining activities.

because of the Coriolis effect.

on the leeward side of a mountain.

Question 5

Planting the same crop year after year:

increases damage by insects and disease.

decreases soil erosion.

does not deplete essential nutrients from the soil.

will slowly increase crop yields.

Question 6

The TWO main reasons that certain areas are not suitable for agriculture are:

soil is too dry and soil has chemical problems (e.g. salinization)

soil is too shallow and soil is too wet

soil is too wet and soil is too dry

soil is frozen and soil has chemical problems (e.g. salinization)

Question 7

Why does this soil have no O-horizon?

The O- horizon has been plowed under for agriculture.

Considerable leaching has eliminated the O- horizon.

Soil erosion has eliminated the O- horizon.

Forest soils like this one have no O-horizon.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about soil is NOT TRUE?

Soil consists of mineral and organic matter modified by the natural actions of agents such as weather, wind, water, and organisms.

Soil formation is a continuous process that takes a long time, sometimes thousands of years, both because the process of rock disintegrating into fine mineral particles is slow, and time is also required for organic material to accumulate in the soil.

An area’s terrain influences soil formation — steep slopes encourage soil formation and accumulation while valleys discourage the formation of deep soils.

Minerals, the main component of soil, provide anchorage and essential nutrient minerals for plants, as well as pore space for water and air.

Question 9

Increased soil erosion may be caused by all of the following EXCEPT:

construction of buildings.

construction of roads.

construction of shelterbelts.

clearcutting large forested areas.

Question 10

Sustainable forestry:

seeks to conserve forests for the long-term commercial harvest of timber and non-timber forest products by maintaining a mix of forest trees, by age and species, rather than imposing a monoculture.

due to the complexity of goals, is most effective when it involves cooperation among environmentalists, loggers, farmers, indigenous peoples, and local, state, and federal governments.

approaches vary from one forest ecosystem to another, in response to different environmental, cultural, and economic conditions.

is all of the above.

Question 11

The area shown in the photograph below is an example of:

clear cutting

contour farming

monoculture

selective cutting

Question 12

How are wilderness areas different from national parks?

Only wilderness areas contain large populations of predators like wolves or grizzly bears.

No human development is allowed in wilderness areas.

Except for research purposes, people are not allowed to visit wilderness areas.

Wilderness areas allow grazing and some timber removal.

Question 13

In the US land is managed by four government agencies, of which the ___ is the only one NOT in the Department of the Interior.

National Park Service

U.S. Forest Service

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

Bureau of Land Management

Question 14

A legal agreement that protects privately owned rangelands, forests or other property from development for a specified number of years is termed:

a public rangeland.

a national park.

a conservation easement.

a wildlife corridor.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a way to slow deforestation?

By replanting trees.

By managing commercial logging operations.

By promoting additional slash-and-burn agricultural practices.

By discouraging plantation style agriculture of crops like bananas and palm oil.

Question 16

Federally owned land encompasses all of the following EXCEPT:

land that that contains important resources such as minerals and fossil fuels

land that possesses historical or cultural significance

land that provides critical biological habitat

no exceptions, all of the above are examples of federally owned land

Question 17

Habitat corridors are intended to provide:

additional habitat fragmentation.

increase in species richness within forest monocultures.

a means for controlling insect pests and invasive species.

a means of migration so animals can interbreed.

Question 18

Subsistence agricultural practices are characterized by all of the following attributes except

use of manure as fertilizer.

use of draft animals for labor source.

water and fossil fuel energy conservation.

high crop yield per acre.

limited use of agrochemicals.

Question 19

One of the problems associated with the “green revolution” is that

not enough food is produced for developing countries.

it is confined to highly developed countries.

it makes developing countries dependent on high-energy consuming imported technologies.

it has been rejected by developing countries due to conflicts with customary practices.

technology is not advanced enough to make it cost effective.

Question 20

Pesticides are effective in

decreasing the cost of subsistence farming.

increasing the crop damage due to competition with weeds.

small concentrations but not in large concentrations.

controlling some organisms that cause diseases in humans.

attracting particular insects to an area.

Question 21

The move away from using techniques that produce high yield and toward methods that focus on long-term sustainability of the soil is known as

habitat fragmentation.

subsistence agriculture.

industrialized agriculture.

the green revolution.

the second green revolution.

Question 22

Which of the following is not a problem associated with industrial agriculture?

soil erosion

depletion of fossil fuels

disposal of livestock wastes

habitat fragmentation

none, these are all problems associated with industrial agriculture

Question 23

Which of the following uses of pesticide can lead to ecological imbalance?

pesticides alter the genetic resistance in populations causing the pests to persist.

pesticides kill prey thereby causing predators to starve or migrate. Then the prey population rebounds larger than before since predators are gone.

bioaccumulation of pesticides in animal tissue can lead to extinction of species.

pesticides show mobility, moving other than where they were applied inadvertently killing non-pest organisms.

all of the above.

Question 24

The decline of Peregrine falcons in the United States due to the use of DDT is an example of?

biological magnification

bioaccumulation

genetic resistance

green revolution

biological resistance

Question 25

Which type of pesticide has fewer deleterious environmental effects? Why?

narrow-spectrum pesticide because it focuses on killing specific organisms

narrow-spectrum pesticide because it stays exactly where it is sprayed

broad-spectrum pesticide because it moves around the environment to reach all potential pests

broad-spectrum pesticide because insects cannot develop resistance to it

neither broad and narrow-spectrum pesticides have deleterious environmental effects