ETH 316 Week 5 – Individual Final Review Exam

Question 1

The Socratic Method

consists of a didactic dialogue using questions and answers.

is one of the most popular and productive methods used in philosophy.

Both A & B are correct.

Question 2

The fundamental difference between the skeptic and the cynic is that

The skeptic is open-minded and seeks truth, whereas the cynic is closed-minded and mocks the possibility of truth.

The cynic is open-minded and the skeptic is closed-minded.

There is no difference.

Question 3

According to our textbook author, defense mechanisms can be divided into two main types – coping and resistance.

True

False

Question 4

_______involves holding two contradictory views at the same time and believing both to be true.

Conformity

Doublethink

Distractions

Question 5

The fallacy of _______ is committed when a key term shifts meaning during the course of an argument.

Hasty Generalization

Ignorance

Irrelevant Conclusion

None of the above

Question 6

Match the following stages of Kohlberg with its proper description.

Partial Credit

Prompts

Question 7

Egoism is a philosophical doctrine that considers pleasure to be the standard of value.

T

F

Question 8

Utilitarianism is a ____ theory.

Consequentialist

Nonconsequentialist

Question 9

Which of the following people adhere to utilitarianism?

Mo Tzu

Jeremy Bentham

Both A & B

Question 10

Because Natural law ethics is often associated with religion, it is essential that a proponent of natural law possesses a belief in God.

True

False

Question 11

Which of the following people is a proponent of deontology?

Thomas Acquinas

John Stuart Mill

John Locke

None of the above

Question 12

According to deontologist W.D. Ross, moral duties are prima facie, meaning that such duties may on occasion be overridden by stronger claims.

T

F

Question 13

To establish a social contract that is unbiased and based on impartiality, John Rawls uses a conceptual device called Blank 1.

Question 14

Liberty rights are also referred to as __________ rights, whereas welfare rights are referred to as ________ rights.

Positive; Negative

Negative; Positive

Question 15

Following rules and doing the right thing is the main focus of virtue ethics.

T

F

Question 16

According to ______________, virtues generally entail moderation or seeking the middle path.

The Utility Principle

The Doctrine of the Mean

The State of Nature