HUM 115 Wk 3 – Identifying Fallacies Social Errors, and Biases Quiz

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HUM 115 Wk 3 - Identifying Fallacies Social Errors, and Biases Quiz
HUM 115 Wk 3 – Identifying Fallacies Social Errors, and Biases Quiz
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HUM 115 Wk 3 – Identifying Fallacies Social Errors, and Biases Quiz

Review the Ch. 4 information on evidence, research, errors and biases in thinking, as well as the fallacy information found in Ch. 5 of THiNK: Critical Thinking and Logic Skills for Everyday Life.

Complete the Wk 3 Identifying Fallacies, Social Errors, and Biases Quiz.

Note: Reading the chapter summaries and reviewing vocabulary words in the text are a great way to prepare for a quiz.

 

Question 1

The tendency to treat people who are similar to us with respect and those who are different from us with suspicion is known as the following social error/bias:

 

Diffusion of responsibility

Stereotyping

One of us/One of them

Egocentrism

 

 

Question 2

In the context of evidence and experience, identify a true statement.

 

An experience can be used as evidence if other evidence does not contradict it.

 

 

Experience is always credible evidence for a claim regardless of what other evidence is available.

 

 

Experience can never be evidence for a claim.

 

 

None of these answers is correct.

 

 

 

Question 3

Influencing individual members to take positions that they would never support by themselves, as happened in the Stanford prison experiment described in Chapter 1 of the text is an example of

 

 

 

“One of us/One of them”

 

 

Group pressure and conformity

 

 

Stereotyping

 

 

 

Question 4

Which of the following is a habit of a good researcher?

 

refusing to consider evidence that contradicts beliefs already held by others

 

 

being able to draw a conclusion after considering all the evidence

 

 

only accepting opinions put forth in textbooks

 

 

assuming that all experts are equally reliable

 

 

 

Question 5

Identify an accurate statement about evidence.

 

Evidence has no important role to play in rationally evaluating arguments.

 

 

Evidence can only come from one source.

 

 

Evidence for a claim provides us with reasons for believing that claim.

 

 

Evidence cannot be used to support premises in an argument.

 

 

 

Question 6

A presidential candidate attacking his opponent based on their looks or personality is an example of what fallacy:

 

 

 

Ad hominem

 

 

Appeal to force (scare tactics)

 

 

Appeal to pity

 

 

Popular appeal

 

 

 

Question 7

An example of inappropriate appeal to authority is:

 

A medical doctor advising on medication.

 

 

A parent advising on what the best car to drive is.

 

 

A dentist advising on recommended toothpaste.

 

 

none of the above

 

 

 

 

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the slippery slope fallacy?

 

 

 

attacking an individual’s character rather than considering his or her arguments

 

 

drawing a general conclusion from an unrepresentative sample

 

 

arguing that if something is accepted in one case, then it must be accepted in all cases

 

 

an argument with the following form: “If A, then B. Not A. Therefore, not B.”

 

 

 

Question 9

Which of the following displays the informal fallacy of appeal to pity?

 

a man argues that you should believe that he is rich because if you do not, he will punch you in the face.

 

 

a classmate concedes a disagreement with you, but only because she believes you are not smart enough to win a debate with her.

 

 

a student asks a teacher to give him an A in a course because if he gets anything less, he will not get into medical school.

 

 

a woman argues that you must be wrong because you are a jerk.

 

 

 

Question 10

An argument contains a fallacy when it appears to be a good argument but is not.

 

T

 

True

F

 

False

 

 

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the red herring fallacy?

 

 

twisting someone’s argument in order to refute it

 

 

bringing up information that is completely irrelevant to the point at hand

 

 

seeking only information that confirms the opinion you hold

 

 

ignoring information that would disconfirm your opinion

 

 

 

Question 12

The fallacy of _____ reduces responses to complex issues to an either/or choice.

 

division

 

 

questionable cause

 

 

false dilemma

 

 

accent

 

 

 

Question 13

Which of the following arguments commits the fallacy of appeal to ignorance?

 

 

 

an argument that contains a grammatical error, which allows more than one conclusion to be drawn

 

 

an argument in which one of the key terms in it changes meaning during its course

 

 

an argument that some claim must be false because no one can prove that it is true

 

 

an argument that claims we should not believe something because the person making the argument is not an authority in that field

 

 

Question 14

Making an assumption that something is true simply because most people believe it to be true is an example of the _____ form of the popular appeal fallacy.

 

 

 

bandwagon approach

 

snob appeal

 

 

hasty generalization

 

 

red herring