SCI 220 Week 2 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam

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SCI 220 Week 2 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam
SCI 220 Week 2 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam
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SCI 220 Week 2 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam

In this graded assignment, you are assessed on the content covered in this weeks’ readings, activities, and assignments. To help you prepare, it is recommended that you first complete this week’s Learning Path and Self-Test Learning Activities prior to completing this exam.

Click on the Assignments link in WileyPLUS to access the Week 2 Exam.

Complete the Week 2 Exam covering this week’s assigned readings listed below:

  • Ch. 4: Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fibers
  • Ch. 5: Lipids, Fats, Phospholipids, and Sterols
  • Ch. 6: Proteins and Amino Acids

Note. Work submitted in WileyPLUS does not count toward attendance. Be sure to post at least two times each week in the online classrom to avoid being auto-dropped from the course.

Test Bank, Question 33

Your answer is correct.
  

Which of the following conclusions can be accurately drawn from the results depicted in this visual?

Following a high-fiber diet increases transit time.

 

Following a low-fiber diet decreases transit time.

 

Following a low-fiber diet adds weight to the weight.

 

Stool weights are greater and transit times are shorter for Ugandan villagers.

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 64

Your answer is correct.
  

_____fiber lowers blood cholesterol levels.

Insoluble

 

Indigestible

 

Refined

 

Soluble

 

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 36

Your answer is correct.
  

Line B shows the glycemic response after eating potatoes. Which of the following foods is most likely to cause a glycemic response similar to that shown in line B?

Dinner roll

 

Peanut butter

 

Egg

 

Cheddar cheese

 

 

 

Pre-Lecture, Question 19

Your answer is correct.
  

Positive nitrogen balance:

occurs when more nitrogen is excreted than consumed

 

indicates that the body is losing weight

 

occurs when the body is growing

 

does not exist since nitrogen intake always equals nitrogen output

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 66

Your answer is correct.
  

A high fiber diet may help:

normalize blood glucose levels.

 

reduce the incidence of hemorrhoids.

 

with weight loss.

 

all of these choices

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 68

Your answer is correct.
  

All of the following statements are true about the typical US diet and carbohydrate recommendations EXCEPT:

Adults typically eat the recommended amount of fiber.

 

Most adults meet the recommendations for the amount of carbohydrate they should have each day.

 

Most of the carbohydrate in the diet comes from refined carbohydrate sources.

 

The diet is higher in added sugar than is recommended.

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 51

Your answer is correct.
  

Fatty acids cannot be used to make glucose because:

they are metabolized only by anaerobic processes.

 

they do not have enough energy in their molecular structure to generate glucose molecules.

 

the reactions that break them down produce two-carbon molecules.

 

the products of their metabolism combine too quickly to form other compounds that the body uses for energy.

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 10

Your answer is correct.
  

Which of the following statements regarding glucose is FALSE?

Glucose is the main component of starch and glycogen.

 

Glucose is also called blood sugar.

 

Glucose is the most common disaccharide in our diet.

 

Glucose is the most important carbohydrate fuel for the human body.

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 29

Your answer is correct.
  

Which two lipoproteins deliver triglycerides to body cells?

Chylomicrons & VLDL

 

HDL & LDL

 

LDL & VLDL

 

VLDL & HDL

 

 

Test Bank, Question 12

Your answer is correct.
  

Which of the following is not a tropical oil?

Coconut oil

 

Palm kernel oil

 

Palm oil

 

Safflower oil

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 7

Your answer is correct.
  

The majority of _______ is located in cell membranes, but is also a part of myelin, the insulating coating on nerve cells.

cholesterol

 

omega-3 fatty acids

 

phospholipids

 

triglycerides

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 8

Your answer is correct.
  

________, when consumed in the diet, can help reduce blood cholesterol levels.

Animal fat

 

Calcium

 

Plant sterols

 

Vitamin D

 

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 40

Your answer is correct.
  

________ splits fatty acids into two-carbon units that form acetyl-CoA and releases high-energy electrons.

Anaerobic metabolism

 

Beta-oxidation

 

Lipoprotein lipase

 

The citric acid cycle

 

 

Test Bank, Question 6

Your answer is correct.
  

_________ is an important component of cell membranes, forming a lipid bilayer by orienting the water-soluble portion towards the water environment.

Cholesterol

 

Phospholipid

 

Saturated fatty acid

 

Triglyceride

 

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 47

Your answer is correct.
  

Research indicates that the initiation of atherosclerosis may be related to all of the following except:

elevated blood levels of glucose

 

infection

 

low blood pressure

 

smoking

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 110

Your answer is correct.
  

If the percentage of calories from fat has declined since 1971, why are so many Americans overweight or obese?

Consumption of hidden fats has decreased.

 

Consumption of whole grains has increased.

 

People still aren’t drinking skim milk.

 

Total calorie consumption has increase.

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 30

Your answer is correct.
  

Which lipoprotein contains the highest proportion of protein?

Chylomicron

 

HDL

 

LDL

 

VLDL

 

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 14

Your answer is correct.
  

The three-dimensional shape of a protein is impacted by all of the following EXCEPT the

chemical properties of the amino acids.

 

folding of the polypeptide.

 

number of essential amino acids.

 

order of the amino acids.

 

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 31

Your answer is correct.
  

Which of the following represents the correct sequence of steps that occur in protein synthesis?

translation → transcription → mRNA takes genetic code to ribosomes

 

mRNA takes genetic code to ribosomes → translation → transcription

 

transcription → mRNA takes genetic code to ribosomes → translation

 

mRNA takes genetic code to ribosomes → transcription → translation

 

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 69

Your answer is correct.
  

Which of the following is the most likely responsible for the health-promoting effects (reduced incidence of obesity, high blood pressure, and some types of cancer) of vegetarian diets?

High intake of fiber

 

High intake of tofu

 

Low intake of sodium

 

The total dietary pattern

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 32

Your answer is correct.
  

Amino acids are used to make all of the following EXCEPT

creatine.

 

histamine.

 

melanin.

 

Vitamin D.

 

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 10

Your answer is correct.
  

If the diet is deficient in one or more of the _____amino acids, the body must break down existing proteins to provide the amino acids.

nonessential

 

essential

 

dispensable

 

dipeptide

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 47

Your answer is correct.
  

As validated by evidence-based research, the major health concern with high-protein diets is

dehydration.

 

kidney stone formation.

 

urinary calcium excretion.

 

a high intake of saturated fat and cholesterol.

 

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 53

Your answer is correct.
  

Which of the following is NOT a common food allergen?

Chicken

 

Eggs

 

Low-fat milk

 

Wheat germ

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 23

Your answer is correct.
  

Review where digestive processes of protein occur. Select the letter that indicates where mechanical breakdown of protein occurs.

A

 

B

 

C

 

D

 

 

Test Bank, Question 68

Your answer is correct.
  

All of the following statements are true about the typical US diet and carbohydrate recommendations EXCEPT:

Adults typically eat the recommended amount of fiber.

 

Most adults meet the recommendations for the amount of carbohydrate they should have each day.

 

Most of the carbohydrate in the diet comes from refined carbohydrate sources.

 

The diet is higher in added sugar than is recommended.

 

 

Test Bank, Question 50

Your answer is correct.
  

When there is not sufficient carbohydrate to completely metabolize fatty acids, these molecules form:

amino acids.

 

carbon dioxide.

 

ketones.

 

oligosaccharides.

Test Bank, Question 18

Your answer is correct.
  

Which of the following is a major dietary source of soluble fiber?

Beans

 

Broccoli

 

Maltose

 

Wheat bran

 

 

Pre-Lecture, Question 19

Your answer is correct.
  

Positive nitrogen balance:

occurs when more nitrogen is excreted than consumed

 

indicates that the body is losing weight

 

occurs when the body is growing

 

does not exist since nitrogen intake always equals nitrogen output

 

 

Test Bank, Question 21

Your answer is correct.
  

Which type of complex carbohydrates are depicted in the visual?

Insoluble fiber

 

Starch

 

Soluble fiber

 

Starch and Soluble fiber

 

 

Test Bank, Question 29

  

Which of the following statements regarding the incidence of lactose intolerance is correct?

Native Alaskans have the lowest incidence of lactose intolerance.

 

This map illustrates the dramatic variation in the incidence of lactose intolerance worldwide.

 

Different races and ethnicities have varying rates of incidence of lactose intolerance.

 

Those living in South America have the lower incidence of lactose intolerance than those living in southern Africa.

 

 

Test Bank, Question 56

Your answer is correct.
  

Your friend Jason has diabetes and developed hypoglycemia. Of the following situations, which is the most likely reason why he developed hypoglycemia?

He ate too much refined carbohydrate.

 

He drank too much water.

 

He took too much of his medication that is used to control his blood sugar.

 

It was probably warm outside and he sweat excessively.

 

 

Test Bank, Question 64

Your answer is correct.
  

_____fiber lowers blood cholesterol levels.

Insoluble

 

Indigestible

 

Refined

 

Soluble

 

 

Test Bank, Question 29

Your answer is correct.
  

Which two lipoproteins deliver triglycerides to body cells?

Chylomicrons & VLDL

 

HDL & LDL

 

LDL & VLDL

 

VLDL & HDL

 

 

Test Bank, Question 119

Your answer is correct.
  

One egg contains __ % of the daily recommendation for cholesterol intake.

20

 

200

 

67

 

50

 

 

Test Bank, Question 121

Your answer is correct.
  

Which of the following foods is lowest in saturated fat?

Whole milk

 

Bacon

 

Cheddar cheese

 

Eggs

 

 

Test Bank, Question 28

Your answer is correct.
  

The remains of chylomicrons:

are converted into glycerol

 

bind to an LDL receptor

 

consist mostly of free fatty acids

 

travel to the liver to be disassembled

 

 

Test Bank, Question 5

Your answer is correct.
  

The lipid that makes up most of the lipids in our body is:

cholesterol

 

lecithin

 

phospholipid

 

triglyceride

 

 

Test Bank, Question 12

Your answer is correct.
  

Which of the following is not a tropical oil?

Coconut oil

 

Palm kernel oil

 

Palm oil

 

Safflower oil

 

 

Test Bank, Question 20

Your answer is correct.
  

After long-chain fatty acids have been absorbed into the mucosal cells, they are re-assembled into:

cholesterol

 

fat-soluble vitamins

 

micelles

 

triglycerides

 

 

Test Bank, Question 118

Your answer is correct.
  

When weight is gained, how does it affect the tissue cells that are illustrated in this micrograph?

Photo credits: (left) Karen Kasmauski/NG Image Collection, (right) Ed Reschke/Peter Arnold, Inc.

The triglyceride droplets enlarge in size.

 

The triglyceride droplets increase in number.

 

The triglyceride droplets remain unchanged.

 

The triglyceride droplets shrink in size.

 

 

 

Test Bank, Question 25

Your answer is correct.
  

Since chylomicrons are too large to enter the capillaries in the small intestine, they pass into the:

gallbladder

 

large intestine

 

lymph

 

stomach

 

 

Test Bank, Question 53

Your answer is correct.
  

Which of the following is NOT a common food allergen?

Chicken

 

Eggs

 

Low-fat milk

 

Wheat germ

 

 

Test Bank, Question 69

Your answer is correct.
  

Which of the following is the most likely responsible for the health-promoting effects (reduced incidence of obesity, high blood pressure, and some types of cancer) of vegetarian diets?

High intake of fiber

 

High intake of tofu

 

Low intake of sodium

 

The total dietary pattern

 

 

Test Bank, Question 42

Your answer is correct.
  

Marasmus is a form of malnutrition that negatively impacts which of the following developing organs the worst?

The brain

 

The liver

 

The kidneys

 

The teeth

 

 

Test Bank, Question 19

Your answer is correct.
  

_________ , an enzyme, is produced in the stomach and breaks some of the peptide bonds in polypeptide chains.

Amylase

 

Denaturase

 

Dipeptidase

 

Pepsin

Test Bank, Question 45

Your answer is correct.
  

Why is protein-energy malnutrition more common in children than adults?

The child’s stomach cannot digest protein from the diet.

 

Adults eat protein sources from the diet that have a higher absorption rate.

 

Because children are growing, their protein needs per unit body weight are higher.

 

Children do not eat enough total calories so that protein must be used as an energy source.

 

 

Test Bank, Question 14

Your answer is correct.
  

The three-dimensional shape of a protein is impacted by all of the following EXCEPT the

chemical properties of the amino acids.

 

folding of the polypeptide.

 

number of essential amino acids.

 

order of the amino acids.

 

 

Test Bank, Question 24

 

Review where digestive processes of protein occur. Select the letter that indicates where protein-digesting enzymes are released from this organ, which aids brush border enzymes to breakdown protein.

A

 

B

 

C

 

D

 

 

Test Bank, Question 10

Your answer is correct.
  

If the diet is deficient in one or more of the _____amino acids, the body must break down existing proteins to provide the amino acids.

nonessential

 

essential

 

dispensable

 

dipeptide

 

Which of the following represents a monosaccharide:disaccharide:complex carbohydrate?

fructose:galactose:soluble fiber

 

glucose:maltose:lactose

 

glucose:sucrose:insoluble fiber

 

sucrose:lactose:galactose

 

 

 

 

Starch and dietary fiber are classified as:

complex carbohydrates.

 

monosaccharides.

 

refined sugars.

 

simple sugars.

 

 

 

 

_____ cannot be digested by human digestive enzymes.

Fiber

 

Glycogen

 

Maltose

 

Starch

 

 

 

 

Most starch digestion and breakdown of disaccharides occurs in which section of the GI tract?

A

 

B

 

C

 

D

 

 

 

 

 

 

In regard to the development of atherosclerosis, which of the following represent the correct sequence of events?

Macrophages form ―> secreted chemicals promote an inflammatory process ―> LDLs migrate to artery wall

 

Secreted chemicals promote an inflammatory process ―> macrophages form ―> LDLs migrate to artery wall

 

Macrophages form ―> LDLs migrate to artery wall ―> secreted chemicals promote an inflammatory process

 

LDLs migrate to artery wall ―> macrophages form ―> secreted chemicals promote an inflammatory process

 

 

 

Lipoprotein lipase breaks down the triglycerides in chylomicrons into:

amino acids

 

cholesterol and fatty acids

 

glucose

 

glycerol

 

fatty acids and glycerol

 

 

 

 

Based on the information presented in the graph, which food is highest in polyunsaturated fatty acid?

Coconut oil

 

Olive oil

 

Salmon

 

Sunflower oil

 

 

 

 

Examples of unsaturated fatty acids include:

coconut oil

 

corn oil

 

palm oil

 

plant sterols

 

 

 

 

Which of the following is not a function of lipids in the body?

Absorption of water-soluble vitamins

 

Insulation from changes in temperature

 

Source of energy

 

Structural component of cell membranes

 

 

 

Based on the type of fat found in the following foods, which would be the healthiest choice for lunch from the fruit group?

Apple fritter

 

Fried banana fruit kebab

 

Cherry pie with low-fat vanilla ice cream

 

Avocado slices, olive oil, and balsamic vinegar

 

 

 

 

HDLs:

contain a high proportion of cholesterol.

 

function similarly to chylomicrons, transports lipids away from the liver.

 

return cholesterol from other lipoproteins and body cells to the liver.

 

are formed in the mucosal cell.

 

 

 

 

 

Which lipoprotein has the highest proportion of triglyceride?

Chylomicron

 

HDL

 

LDL

 

VLDL

 

 

 

 

Kyle had a brother who exhibited heart disease at age 62 and a sister who exhibited heart disease at age 64. Based on the age at which his brother and his sister exhibited heart disease, is Kyle considered to have a family history of heart disease?

Yes, based on the age of his brother only

 

Yes, based on the age of his sister only

 

Yes, based on the ages of both his sister and brother

 

No, based on the ages of both his sister and brother

 

 

 

 

Someone whose nitrogen output is greater than their nitrogen intake is said to be in

nitrogen balance

 

positive nitrogen balance

 

negative nitrogen balance

 

There is insufficient information provided to determine the status.

 

 

 

Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of kwashiorkor?

Decreases in intelligence and learning ability

 

Energy deficiency

 

Muscle wasting

 

Swollen belly

 

 

 

 

Which of the following scenarios is a possibility if an amino acid supplement overwhelms the amino acid transport system?

The amino acids from the supplement will use an alternate transport system.

 

The amino acids from the supplement will be eliminated from the body.

 

The amino acids from the supplement will compete with each other, increasing absorption of other amino acids.

 

The amino acids from the supplement will compete with each other, slowing absorption of other amino acids.

 

 

 

 

 

In general, plant sources of protein provide _____absorbable forms of iron, zinc, and calcium as compared to animal protein sources.

less

 

equally

 

more

 

 

 

 

As validated by evidence-based research, the major health concern with high-protein diets is

dehydration.

 

kidney stone formation.

 

urinary calcium excretion.

 

a high intake of saturated fat and cholesterol.