- Description
ENV 100T Wk 5 – WileyPLUS Week 5 Weekly Exam
The 2009 Obama administration has withdrawn support for the ___ site that the 1987 Nuclear Waste Policy Act identified as a permanent underground storage location for high-level radioactive wastes.
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
Murmansk, Russia
Yucca Mountain, NV
Gulf coast offshore platforms
Commercial nuclear reactor facilities
More than half of the world’s total estimated oil and natural gas reserves are located in ___.
The Persian Gulf region
The Siberia region
South America
Central America
The Gulf of Mexico
The Hearst Tower in New York was designed to achieve a degree of energy efficiency 26% higher than that of standard office buildings earning
A Solar Standard Achievement Award.
A U.S. Green Building grant.
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification.
An “A” low-toxicity compliance rating.
The Energy Star qualified building designation.
According to the definition of biomass, which of the following cannot be considered a biomass fuel?
charcoal
hydrogen
wood
animal dung
peat
According to the data below, which of these technologies has the highest cost per kilowatt-hour?
hydropower
solar thermal
nuclear power
photovoltaics
coal
A major public concern about nuclear power plants stems from
Which of the following statements about nuclear energy is false?
What is acid mine drainage?
Negative environmental impacts from oil and natural gas production may occur due to
Which of the following parts of a typical nuclear power plant is incorrectly matched with its function?
What is the function of the device diagramed below?
Clean coal technologies include all of the following except
Where was the most serious global nuclear power plant accident in 1986?
In the United States,what sector consumes the greatest portion of the nation’s total energy?
Which of the following activities is mismatched with its environmental consequence?
Nuclear energy is released
Compared to burning coal and oil,the combustion of natural gas releases
The disadvantages of using wind energy to generate electricity include all of the following except
What type of renewable energy source is being gathered by the women pictured below?
The National Appliance Energy Conservation Act
Which of the following is not a current or planned use for the electricity generated by fuel cells?
The major advantage of a fuel cell over a standard battery is that
Which of the following is more efficient (90%)than any other energy source for producing electricity?
Which of the following best describes how this geothermal heat pump works?
Which of the following is a good energy efficiency practice for those with existing homes?
What is the fossil fuel cost of powering a wind turbine?
Tidal energy cannot become a significant resource worldwide because
Energy efficiency is defined as
Biomass is composed of
Question 1
At oil refineries, heated crude oil is separated into different products based on ___.
water solubility
density
boiling points
sulfur content
energy potential
Question 2
All of the following are products of petroleum refining except ___.
ethanol
jet fuel
heating oil
asphalt
diesel
Question 3
Mountaintop removal is an example of ___ mining.
subsurface
surface
shaft
combustion
integrated
Question 4
Which of the following statements about nuclear energy is false?
One advantage of nuclear energy is lack of air pollution.
The coolant used in a nuclear reactor is water.
Uranium is a renewable resource.
Radioisotopes in spent fuel remain radioactive for thousands of years.
The long-term, safe storage of radioactive waste must be overcome to realize the potential of nuclear energy.
Question 5
What is the best long-term option for the storage of high-level radioactive waste in the U.S.?
in compartments at the bottom of cooling towers at nuclear power plants
deep burial in steel waste canisters at distant sites from population centers
injection underground between layers of clay in remote areas
storage in concrete casks at the bottom of the ocean
export it to foreign locations
Question 6
What is a critical difference between surface and subsurface mining?
Surface mining is more expensive than subsurface mining
Surface mining is above ground; subsurface mining is below ground
Surface mining causes less environmental damage than subsurface mining
Subsurface mining creates acid mine drainage; surface mining does not
Subsurface mining has the potential for dangerous landslides; surface mining has the potential for cave-ins
Question 7
What is a clean coal technology designed to do?
reduce acid mine drainage
decrease the cost of electricity
decrease air pollution
protect the health of coal miners
restore the environment after coal has been mined
Question 8
Negative environmental impacts from oil and natural gas production may occur due to
release of oxides in combustion emissions.
accidental spills at extraction sites and during transport.
erosion and landslides during withdrawal of resources.
improper storage and disposal of spent fuel.
unintentional release of methane into atmosphere.
Question 9
A device that initiates and maintains a controlled nuclear fission chain reaction to produce energy for electricity is a
geothermal nuclear apparatus.
nuclear combustion chamber.
nuclear reactor.
nuclear electric engine.
electrical fusion device.
Question 10
Which of the following technologies releases the least amount of the greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide?
coal combustion
burning of oil
natural gas combustion
nuclear energy
generation of steam energy
Question 11
What technology can make coal a cleaner fuel?
fluidized-bed combustion
building smoke stacks taller
implementing a prewash of coal prior to combustion
using lower quality, high sulfur coal
mixing coal with natural gas to create a hybrid fuel
Question 12
Arguments supporting the development of oil exploration in the Arctic national Wildlife Refuge include all of the following except
the U.S. imports more than half the oil it uses.
large oil deposits have already been tapped in this region.
the refuge is biologically rich and the tundra is a fragile ecosystem.
development of domestic oil would improve the balance of foreign trade.
oil companies are eager to develop this particular site.
Question 13
According to the U.S. map below of average daily total of annual solar energy, which state is least suited for producing electricity from solar energy?
Nebraska
New York
New Mexico
North Carolina
North Dakota
Question 14
Where does the energy needed to run a geothermal plant in California originate?
solar
subsurface coal mining
photovoltaic cell
geysers
volcanism
Question 15
All of the following are options to conserve energy at home except
improve insulation.
install double paned windows.
keep a beverage refrigerator in the garage.
use thermal lined curtains.
caulk cracks on exterior of home.
Question 16
What type of heating system is illustrated below for this home in Santa Fe, NM?
geothermal
wind turbine
passive solar
nonrenewable
hydropower
Question 17
Which of the following is the most promising solution to our current and future energy needs?
tapping into fossil fuel reserves
revert to using only biomass fuels
federal economic stimulus money to purchase newer cars
conservation and increased efficiency
deciding on one renewable resource for investment and development
Question 18
The National Appliance Energy Conservation Act
sets national energy efficiency standards for refrigerators, washing machines, ovens and other appliances.
mandates the recycling of “waste” heat in all domestic devices such as refrigerators, freezers, and microwaves.
offers rebates to homeowners who install renewable energy sources such as solar panels in their homes.
changes the regulations that govern electric utilities allowing these companies to make more money by generating less electricity.
provides for infrastructure improvement of electric grids to recover 10 percent of electricity lost during transmission.
Question 19
All of the following are disadvantages of photovoltaic solar cell technology except
the manufacturing process requires toxic industrial chemicals.
the amount of land needed to hold the number of solar panels required for large-scale use.
each panel’s low efficiency at converting solar energy to electricity.
the steadily increasing manufacturing cost per watt over the last 35 years.
the carbon dioxide emissions that contribute to greenhouse gases.
Question 20
Why is biomass an attractive source of energy?
a shift to biofuels from petroleum-based fuels would be seamless
it makes use of waste products, reducing waste disposal problems
it reduces our dependence on fossil fuels
it produces lower levels of sulfur and ash than coal combustion
all of these choices
Question 21
Biomass is composed of
nonrenewable materials.
liquid chemicals.
greenhouse gases.
soil and water.
organic material from plants and animals.
Question 22
The disadvantages of using wind energy to generate electricity include all of the following except
windmills kill birds.
generation of sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxides.
degradation of an area’s scenic beauty.
tying up large parcels of land.
distance to urban centers where electricity is most needed.
Question 23
What type of solar heating system would be most efficient at producing high-temperature water for industrial applications or steam to run turbines that generate electricity?
fuel cells that directly convert chemical energy into electricity.
biomass generators that burn natural materials to generate heat.
solar thermal electric generation systems using mirrors or lenses to concentrate sunlight to heat water.
passive solar systems that use building design to maximize winter sunlight to heat water.
convection solar heating systems that circulate warm air throughout the liquid.
Question 24
Passive solar heating refers to using
the sun’s energy, collected by solar panels, to generate electricity.
plant and animal material as fuel to generate heat.
sun’s energy to heat building without pumps or fans to distribute the heat.
recycled water to cool the nuclear reactor in power plants.
solar-generated hydrogen to produce water and heat.
Question 1
Nuclear energy is released
by splitting two electrons.
by joining a proton with a neutron.
by breaking a chemical bond between two atoms.
by splitting an atomic nucleus into two smaller fragments.
by combustion of uranium ore.
Question 2
What is the function of the device diagramed below?
to maintain a constant temperature for U-235.
to control the fission chain reaction to produce energy for electricity.
to store spent fuel rods from nuclear reactors for at least 40 years.
to filter CO2 generated by the fission of U-235 nuclei.
a reservoir for enriching U-235.
Question 3
All of the following statements are true about surface mining except
Strip mining is an example of surface mining.
It accounts for 60% of the coal mined in the U.S.
Surface mining is the most hazardous type of mining for workers.
Surface mining is a less expensive mining process than subsurface mining.
Mountaintop removal is an example of surface mining.
Question 4
What is a major issue with the type of mining illustrated below?
fluidized-bed combustion
acid precipitation
risk of earthquakes
safety risk to mine employees
land degradation
Question 5
What is a critical difference between surface and subsurface mining?
Surface mining is more expensive than subsurface mining
Surface mining is above ground; subsurface mining is below ground
Surface mining causes less environmental damage than subsurface mining
Subsurface mining creates acid mine drainage; surface mining does not
Subsurface mining has the potential for dangerous landslides; surface mining has the potential for cave-ins
Question 6
What legislation provides incentives for utility companies to convert to clean coal technologies?
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976
Superfund National Priorities Act of 2007
Question 7
What is acid mine drainage?
pollution caused when rainwater seeps through iron sulfide minerals exposed in mine wastes
photochemical reactions between particulates and water vapor
residue from sulfur and nitrogen compounds found in coal dust
acid precipitation caused by emissions from burning coal
a low pH fuel that is synthesized from natural gas
Question 8
Which of the following activities is mismatched with its environmental consequence?
surface mining: acid mine drainage polluting rivers
coal-burning electric plants: acid deposition destroying forests
mountaintop removal mining: mine tailings and debris filling valleys
strip mining: oil spills killing wildlife
burning fossil fuels: release of CO2, a potent greenhouse gas
Question 9
Which of the following is an example of high-level radioactive waste?
glassware giving off small amounts of ionizing radiation
paper contaminated by radioactivity
reactor coolant fluid
lab coat used in an area where radioactive material is present
filters from sampling devices that test for radioactive contamination
Question 10
Mountaintop removal is an example of ___ mining.
subsurface
surface
shaft
combustion
integrated
Question 11
Negative environmental impacts from oil and natural gas production may occur due to
release of oxides in combustion emissions.
accidental spills at extraction sites and during transport.
erosion and landslides during withdrawal of resources.
improper storage and disposal of spent fuel.
unintentional release of methane into atmosphere.
Question 12
What does the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 legislate for environmental disasters such as the one pictured below?
hazardous pay for clean-up workers
tidal barriers to help prevent the spread of oil slicks
a remediation protocol for impacted wildlife populations
requires that, by 2015, oil be transported by land and not sea
a trust fund that pays to clean up oil spills when the responsible party cannot
Question 13
Tidal energy cannot become a significant resource worldwide because
the accompanying tidal waves cause too much environmental destruction.
the equipment required to harness this energy is not yet.
few areas have large enough differences in water level between high and low tides to make power generation feasible.
sand damages the equipment.
tidal energy can become a significant resource worldwide.
Question 14
The best example of an energy storage element in a solar energy system is the
natural gas in a propane tank that can be used for cooking.
structural overhang that blocks sunlight in a passively cooled home.
insulated windows in a passively heated solar home.
hot water tank of a solar hot water system.
sun-tracking mirrors in a power tower system.
Question 15
Photovoltaic systems are characterized by all of the following except
directly converting sunlight into electricity.
minimal maintenance.
producing no pollution.
functioning on cloudy or rainy days.
minimal space requirement for large-scale use.
Question 16
Which of the following is a good energy efficiency practice for those with existing homes?
replace the existing insulation with a higher quality product.
board up windows on the north, east and west sides of the house.
install a gas-burning fireplace in the family room.
pour a concrete foundation between the ground and subfloor of the home.
dial down the water heater’s thermostat to knock 3-5 percent off your energy bill.
Question 17
Which of the following is more efficient (90%) than any other energy source for producing electricity?
hydropower
wind energy
photovoltaic
passive solar
geothermal
Question 18
Which of the following biomass energy sources is incorrectly matched with its biofuel product?
sugar cane: alcohol
oil used to make French fries: biodiesel
clay: biogas
manure: methane
wood: charcoal
Question 19
Problems associated with large hydropower dams and reservoirs include all of the following except
relocation of peoples’ homes.
ecosystem destruction.
loss of biodiversity.
air pollution.
disruption of fish migration.
Question 20
All of the following are disadvantages of photovoltaic solar cell technology except
the manufacturing process requires toxic industrial chemicals.
the amount of land needed to hold the number of solar panels required for large-scale use.
each panel’s low efficiency at converting solar energy to electricity.
the steadily increasing manufacturing cost per watt over the last 35 years.
the carbon dioxide emissions that contribute to greenhouse gases.
Question 21
Electric meters can run backward for homeowners participating in net metering. What does this mean?
homeowners receive meter credit for excess energy they generate and supply to the utility’s power grid
the up front costs for installing renewable energy is recovered by rewinding the home’s electric meter
if a homeowner uses less energy in one month than the previous month, then the difference is subtracted from the electric meter
homeowners who voluntarily cut back on air conditioning use are granted an electric credit
a radio controlled electric meter for remote monitoring allows the utility company to stop the meter during peak demand periods
Question 22
The disadvantages of using wind energy to generate electricity include all of the following except
windmills kill birds.
generation of sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxides.
degradation of an area’s scenic beauty.
tying up large parcels of land.
distance to urban centers where electricity is most needed.
Question 23
What type of solar energy system is illustrated below?
passive solar heating system
photovoltaic solar cell system
solar thermal electric generation
solar-generated hydrogen fuel cell
radiant energy convection solar heating system
Question 24
In rural areas of developing countries, photovoltaic cells are used for all of the following purposes except
charging batteries.
heating hot water heaters.
providing refrigeration for vaccines.
grinding grain.
pumping water.
Question 25
Which of the following best describes how this geothermal heat pump works?
the pressure of hot water from a deep well turns a turbine and generates electricity.
steam separated from hot water pumped from underground turns a turbine and generates electricity.
water is transferred from a deep well to a coil exposed to solar radiation to heat the water sufficiently to generate steam, which turns a turbine and generates electricity.
a pipe with heated oil is sent deep into Earth to initiate a volcanic eruption then is tapped so that the energy can be used to generate electricity.
water is transferred from a deep well into a hot water tank, which is kept at a constant temperature by combustion of natural gas.
According to the global data below, oil and natural gas provided ___ of the world’s energy.
10%
28%
34%
47%
56%
What is fluidized-bed combustion?
a device that initiates and maintains a controlled coal burn
a method of burning coal underwater to reduce CO2 emissions
a filter that cleans power plants’ exhaust from coal combustion
a clean-coal technology that neutralizes acidic sulfur compounds produced during combustion
a pressurized water vessel that is used to extinguish coal fires
Which of the following parts of a typical nuclear power plant is incorrectly matched with its function?
reactor core: where fission occurs
steam generator: heats liquid water from energy produced by nuclear fission
combustion engine: enrichment of uranium ore
turbine: uses steam to generate electricity
condenser: cools the steam converting it back to liquid
The major reason that global energy consumption is increasing is that
the world’s population growth is slowing.
global energy reserves are increasing.
highly developed countries are using more energy as products are electronic.
developing countries are using more energy as standards of living improve.
decreases in energy efficiency of products result in greater energy consumption.
Where was the most serious global nuclear power plant accident in 1986?
San Onofre, CA
Love Canal, NY
Al-Jahra, Kuwait
Chernobyl, Ukraine
Three Mile Island, PA
An example of a building design taking advantage of passive solar potential is
installing energy efficient central cooling and heating systems.
positioning window overhangs to shade in summer while allowing winter sun to penetrate the building.
removing insulation from walls and attic.
replacing decorative lawns with drought tolerant landscaping.
painting the building a light color in the summer and a dark color in the winter.
Energy efficiency is defined as
energy that escapes in an unusable form.
energy in bonds broken (minus) energy in bonds formed.
using fossil fuels instead of renewable alternative energy.
using less energy to accomplish a given task, by using new technology, for example.
using less energy by reducing energy use and waste, for example.
Which of the following is not a current or planned use for the electricity generated by fuel cells?
to run automobiles
to power cell phones
to replace nuclear technology
to lessen dependence on fossil fuels
to run city buses
What type of solar system, illustrated below, is supplying 10% of Georgetown University’s electricity?
Photovoltaic cell system
Passive solar heating system
Forced air re-circulating system
Nonrenewable radiant energy system
Biomass conversion solar system